A 30-year-old woman with a history of two pregnancy losses in the 8th and 16th weeks of pregnancy and a history of metroplasty referred to our Infertility Clinic. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) was performed as a standard infertility evaluation following surgery.

Introduction: According to important ecological roles of soil organic matter in stabilizing ecosystems, it is essential to consider soil organic carbon condition for managements of worldwide problems such as soil quality, carbon cycle and climate change. Also, organic matter is one of the main component of soil which have vital impress on its evolution. Therefore, assessing soil organic matter fate in various environmental conditions and its relation with environmental factors will be useful for management decisions. Determining soil organic carbon content, stocks and forms by the physico-chemical and micromorphological studies may respond to the question about soil organic matter evolution from the different point of views. Based on mentioned reasons, our research work focused on soil organic matter content, stocks and forms under various environmental condition of the forest ecosystem to find new aspects of its relation with environmental factors. Material and Methods: This research work was carried out in Arasbaran forest, northwest of Iran, which recognized as a part of the international network of biosphere reserves and has unique species of plants with special ecological properties. Sampling was carried out in a Kaleybar Chai Sofla sub-basin as a part of Arasbaran forest with eastern longitude of 46º 39´ to 46º 52´ and northern latitude of 38º 52´ to 39º 04´ . Based on the Amberje climate classification, the climate of the region is semi-humid and moderate. The soil moisture and temperature regimes are Xeric and Mesic, respectively. Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus macranthera) were identified as the main woody species in this area and volcano-sedimentary rocks were the geological structure. Primary site surveying showed 5 forest stand types such as Oak (Quercus macranthera), Hornbeam-Oak (Carpinus betulus-Quercus macranthera), Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Hornbeam-Oak (Carpinus betulus-Quercus petraea), Oak (Quercus petraea) along altitudinal transects, that used as environmental parts with different conditions. In each environmental part, a soil profile was described and sampling was done for physical, chemical and micromorphological analysis. After preparing soil samples in the laboratory, soil physico-chemical routine analyses were carried out by standard methods and then the studied soils were classified on the basis of 12th edition of soil taxonomy. To achieve the main aim of the study, various aspects of soil organic matter evolution were assessed. Soil organic matter content was determined according to the Walkley– Black wet oxidation method and using alteration factor f = 1. 724 recommended by USDA. Variance analysis and means compare of soil organic matter content in surface horizons of different environmental parts were performed by using the SPSS software package and Dunkan's multiple range test, respectively. Soil organic carbon stocks were calculated for each soil horizon and weighted average based on profile depth was used to calculate this index for each soil profile. The prepared thin section for micromorphological study was examined under both plane-polarized light (PPL) and cross-polarized light (XPL) using a polarized microscope and explained based on standard terminology to identify various forms of soil organic matter all over the study area. Results and Discussion: Results revealed increasing of soil evolution with decreasing of elevation. Entisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols and Mollisols with different families were the soil observed along altitudinal transects by decreasing elevation. According to the obtained results, environmental effects caused different soil organic matter content and evolution with various soil organic carbon stocks in each part. Improvement of environmental condition by decreasing elevation resulted in more evolution of soil organic matter, dominant of decomposed forms of organic matter and rise of soil organic carbon stocks from the highest part to the lowest one. Soil organic matter content in soil surface increased by elevation, although the main source of soil organic matter have better condition in lower parts due to ecological reasons. This inverse statue can be explained by special environmental conditions causing limited organic remnants decomposition in the highest parts. In the same trend with soil evolution, soil organic carbon stocks increased by decreasing of elevation. This trend refers to the relation of mentioned index ability with various soil-forming processes. Micromorphological study showed that organic intact remnants were the dominant forms in upper parts which changed to well-decomposed forms in the lowest parts. This observation revealed the occurrence of mechanical decomposition processes of organic remnants in high elevation while biochemical ones happen in the lower parts. Also, this distribution of soil organic matter decomposition processes can explain soil organic carbon content and stocks all over the study area. Conclusion: Elevation was identified as an important environmental factor controlling soil organic matter in the studied scale. Generally, results confirm the same trend for soil organic matter evolution and soil organic carbon stocks with soil development, especially in pedogenesis processes in relation to organic matter. Thus, it can be recommended to use soil map for management of soil organic matter under various environmental conditions in large-scale studies.

This article surveys the concept and context of the specific key term known as Baqiatallah in Chapter Houd, verse No.86 from point of view of both the Shiite and Sunni interpreters. The mentioned term holds an economical concept within the general verse, relating to a religiously accepted profit. But since among the Shiites, Imam of our time is interpreted and known as Baqiatallah, in most cases the original concept and reference of this term has been forgotten and therefore its economical function has been neglected. While this article surveys this topic in the interpretive Shiite and Sunni works and texts, it also points to the path through which it has found a second or minor meaning within the Shiite works.

Purpose: To report the clinical, radiological, pathological and therapeutic features of a case of recurrent cavernous hemangioma.Case report: A 32 year old lady with progressive decrease of vision in her right eye associated with blepharoptosis was diagnosed to have orbital cavernous hemangioma which was excised. 10 years later she presented with recurrent proptosis and progressive eye deviation. Imaging showed the same pathology in the same orbit and repeat excision confirmed a cavernous hemangioma. Evaluation of old CT scans showed that the recurrent lesion was a twin tumor and we had only excised one of them in the first operation. Conclusion: Recurrent cavernous hemangioma may be the result of a small residual tumor which grows gradually and becomes clinically evident after some years. When the mass is large or seems multilobulated, after excision of the main mass a thorough search to find small residual masses seems mandatory. 

This study was conducted during summer and winter of 2018- 2019 in the agricultural research field of Shahid Chamran University. Experimental design was split- plot based on RCBD with three replications. The main plot was the type of agricultural system in three levels including conventional (Conv), organic (Org) and sustainable (Sust) (integrated between Conv and Org) and sup- plot was the type of pre- cultivated crop in sequence with wheat including cultivation of mung bean (M- W), corn (C- W), sesame (S- W) and fallow (F- W). Yield quantity (yield and its component) and quality (grain protein), an estimate of photosynthesis matter transfer index of wheat and soil organic carbon (SOC) after one double-cropping were measured. The result showed that the highest (545.04 g/m2) and the lowest (409.28 g/m2) seed yields were obtained in Conv and Org respectively. In contract, with the changing type of system from Conv to Org, grain protein was increased significantly (from 8.3 to 9.6 %). In addition, the highest (535.47 g/m2) yield of wheat was obtained from M- W double cropping. On the other hands the highest remobilization and current photosynthesis matter were obtained in the organic agricultural system with M- W and conventional with M- W double cropping. The situation of SOC showed that the highest (33.18 mg/g) SOC was obtained in the organic agricultural system with C- W double cropping. The reason for improving SOC in the organic and sustainable agricultural system was application of organic matter (compost and vermicompost) and crop residue management. Totally, from the crop ecology point of view, sustainable agricultural method with a sequence of M- W was the most desirable system.

Much research has been done on motherhood, patriarchy, feminism, and filial piety, but so far no in-depth and serious research has been done on the position of the brother in ancient Iran and its remnants in the culture of the Kurdish and Lor people. The purpose of this study is to bring examples of the position of the brother in ancient Iran and his preference for children and husband (example of the story of the woman of Intafern and Hanboui), The reflection of this story in the popular culture and literature of the Kurdish people and Lor; Also, the study of the remnants of ancient brotherhood in the culture of the Kurdish and Lor people. There are many proverbs, poems, songs and beliefs about the place of the brother in the culture of the Kurdish and Lor people, all of which express the remnants of the brotherhood of the ancient world in the culture of these people. This research seeks to find answers to the following questions: This research seeks to find answers to the following questions: Why is a brother still preferable to a husband and wife in popular culture and literature? Why is the niece considered to be of uncle descent? And why in the epic literature are the people of Lor avenging the murder of their nieces and nephews? In this research, an attempt has been made to address this issue in a descriptive-analytical manner, citing library sources and oral interviews.

The Tales of Mashdi Galin Khā nom, compiled by Laurence Paul Elwell-Sutton, includes 110 folk tales of the Iranian people. The present article tries to show the remnants of myths in some of these folk tales and also to compare the myths with Shā hnā meh and other mythological books. In these stories, there is no mention of Zal and Simorgh, but the hero is raised by a bird, and the seahorse and the horse help him by pulling a few strands of hair from their mane and giving it to the protagonist. The present study, by using descriptive-analytical method, shows that some folk tales are modified myths that have been reflected in stories and legends over time. The presence of myths in folk tales and legends has led to their survival. The content of the tales may not have all the characteristics of myths, but they are modeled on one or more myths or events of Shā hnā meh. By analyzing some of folk tales of The Tales of Mashdi Galin Khā nom, the authors have attempted to study the effect of myths in some of these stories and to explain how they were transformed.

In the east of Tabriz city, south of Eskandar village, Upper Cretaceous rock units are exposed. The structures in these rock units include meso-scale folds inclined towards NNE, and a thrust system which has transported Upper Cretaceous units in three thrust sheets towards NW. This thrust system has cut the NNE-verging folds in Upper Cretaceous units. These deformed rock units are unconformably overlain by the Miocene beds. The vergence of folds in the Miocene units is toward SSW. There are SW-verging thrust faults and right-lateral strike-slip faults parallel to the North Tabriz fault in the study area. We conclude that the N-verging structures in Upper Cretaceous rock units has been formed in the time interval between Upper Cretaceous and Miocene and were cut by the North Tabriz fault. The structural characteristics of the Upper Cretaceous rocks as the remnants of the Upper Cretaceous oceanic crust in the Neotethyan marginal basin indicate that the probable subduction direction of this basin was towards south.

Background and Objective: Physical and general health limitations may affect quality of life among children survivors of land mine and explosive remnants of war (ERW). This study aimed to assess the quality of life among children survivors of land mines and ERW injuries in Iran in 2010.Materials and Methods: A total of 69 adolescent survivors of land mine and ERW injuries at the time of study were enrolled. In this crosssectional study, adolescents were called in from border provinces that included the most land mines and ERW contaminated areas in the country, i.e. Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Khuzestan, Ilam and West Azerbaijan. Component scores were determined from responses to questions about physical and mental health on SF36.The validity of the Iranian version of questionnaire was 0.65-0.9. The questionnaire consisted of 36 questions measuring eight domains of health-related quality of life including physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, and emotional and mental health role.Results: The mean age of participants was 16.68±1.18 years and the mean time since the injury was 7.85±3.1 years. Eighty-eight percent of the cases were boys. More than two third (69.6%) (n=48) of the victims were living in two provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah. About onethird (36.2%) (n=25) were studying at high school level. The children survivors had the highest score in physical functioning (50.5± 23.1) and the lowest in emotional role (8.69± 21.1). Overall, children survivors were suffering greatly in all different aspects of quality of life than the age-matched controls in all SF-36 eight domains (p£0.01).Conclusion: Children survivors of landmine and ERW injuries (at an age range of 14-19 years) due to Iraq-imposed war greatly suffered from a lower quality of life due to a combination of physical and mental factors affecting them.

The medicinal plant Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is cultivated all over the world due to its economic and ornamental potential and its wide application in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. To investigate the effect of abscisic acid foliar application on increasing drought stress tolerance in Munstead Organic cultivar, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block with three replications in the Faculty of Plant Production of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran in year 2016-2017. Experimental treatments were considered at four levels of irrigation regimes (including 90-100, 70-80, 50-60, and 30-40% of field capacity(FC)) and three levels of abscisic acid foliar application (including zero, 15, and 30 mM/l). Data analysis showed that the highest percentage of the essential oil (1.18%) was obtained in 15 μM abscisic acid and 30-40%FC. While the highest yield of the essential oil (0.055 g/plant) was related to the application of 30 μM abscisic acid in 70-80%FC. The category of the essential oil components also showed that out of 26 identified components, six compounds were hydrocarbon monoterpene, 10 compounds were oxygen monoterpene, six compounds were hydrogen peroxide and four components were oxygen sedimentation. With increasing drought, stress, the amount of hydrocarbon and oxygen monoterpene compounds decreased, but hydrocarbon and oxygen sesquiterpene compounds increased. The results also showed that the highest amount of limonene (10%) was obtained from adding 15 μM abscisic acid in irrigation of 70-80%FC. The highest amounts of camphor (10.47%) and bernoulli (51.58%) were achieved in complete irrigation and non-use of abscisic acid. However, the highest amounts of cariofillenoxide (7.80%) and α-Muurolene (24.90%) was observed in 30 μM abscisic acid and 60-50%FC and in 30 μM abscisic acid and 30-40%FC, respectively. Overall, it was found that foliar application of abscisic acid under drought stress 30-40%FC, could increase the percentage of the essential oils and sesquiterpene compounds to cope with drought conditions in lavender.